First, let me say thank you to the members who have contributed to the structure threads. They are some great reads and provide a great deal of insight to the greatest obstacle in fishing - locating bass.
What has been discussed mainly pertains to lowland reservoirs. I do not have access to any of Buck Perry's material so I would like to spark discussion regarding highland reservoirs. The article posted http://www.bassresource.com/bass-fishing-forums/topic/149344-alright-deep-lets-talk-structure/ shows highland reservoirs contain steep bluff walls where the majority of fish have readily available access to deep water.
In my opinion access to deep water nearly becomes irrevelant since nearly each location meets this criteria. What then becomes the emphasis in eliminating water? I would think breaks and breaklines become more and more important. However, most highland reservoirs I have fish have miles and miles of boulders to fish.
I'll offer a response. I grew up fishing in Arkansas and Misouri, Beaver Lake to be exact. Not sure what your thoughts are on highland reservoirs but my idea of them is steep drop offs, bluff walls, and deep water. Beaver Lake has all of this.
What sticks in my mind about fishing places like this is don't get hung up on the deep water, just because the water is 100ft deep don't mean that you have to fish in 40-50ft of water. Lots of the fish will be much shallower 20-25ft of water. The bass on these lakes follow the same or similar seasonal migrations as other lakes and reservoirs. In the spring the Pre-Spawn bass will be looking to move out of deeper water and on to shallower spawning type structure. Your first contact with these fish will be on the drop off break line that has direct access to shallower bars, or drop offs that have breaks leading to shallower bars. Look for different structure big chunck rock to pea gravel, or even shallow water shelves that are flat and have smaller scattered rock. In the spring the big girls are looking for safe, shallower areas out of the wind with hard bottoms to do their thing. I am sure your lake has many places like this.
I follow an unwritten premise I call the "Priority of Poverty".
Before you begin any chart survey, always take in the Big Picture.
A lake that consists predominantly of shallow water, say between 0 & 8-ft deep,
obviously requires no search for food-shelves because the whole lake is a foodshelf.
As a result, the offsite survey should begin with a search for 'deep water'.
In lakes that consist predominantly of deep water, such as highland reservoirs, canyon reservoirs, pit mines
and cavernous natural lakes; shallow water is Gold and that's where I'd begin my search (poverty takes priority)
Roger
On my first outing to one of the TVA lakes, what RoLo says was a lesson I learned, or should I say reminded of. We fished a bluff wall with a shallow shelf. I would have been searching for fish suspended off the edge of the drop, but we found active fish on that shelf that wasn't much wider that the boat in some places. It was a lesson I had learned years ago fishing the strip pits in my area with similar features. I just hadn't fished them in decades, so the lesson was forgotten. The basic principles of using structure to locate fish still applies, I just didn't take my own advice and apply it to the water I was on.
Great observations gentlemen. My experience has been very similar but also different. This past spring I chose to fish an area that was textbook perfect. Shallow water flat extending from 2-8'. A nice breakline at 8-12' extending down to 12'-20' with an old creek weaving through the middle. This is the only flat with any substantial size on the entire lake. Smallmouth were in prespawn/spawn and I just knew the bigger females would stack on that ledge. Never happened though. The fish were related to the more typical structure they relate to all year - offshore humps/points in 25-40'. These are smallmouths so this could be the reason...and water clarity suggests these fish could spawn in 12-15' so that could be another factor.
It seems like the consensus to structure fishing is finding the difference or as RoLo mentioned Priority of Poverty. An area that would give fish an advantage over prey and concentrate these predators into a fishable/managable area.
Structure fishing aint just about "deep" or "shallow" water...it's about what connects the two!
In bodies if water like highland lakes there is plenty of deep water, so the emphasis is placed on shallow water & the structure that connects it to the deep water.
Some times bass attain their desired "shallow water depth" by simply suspending at that depth over deep water structure.
On 1/14/2015 at 10:46 PM, Catt said:Structure fishing aint just about "deep" or "shallow" water...it's about what connects the two!
In bodies if water like highland lakes there is plenty of deep water, so the emphasis is placed on shallow water & the structure that connects it to the deep water.
Some times bass attain their desired "shallow water depth" by simply suspending at that depth over deep water structure.
This is dead on. I studied John Hope's tracking studies last winter. His findings were that big bass feed in the shallows (kitchen) in low light and suspend over deeper water (bedroom) during most of the day. By sitting on these funnels that connect the two for an hour or so at dawn and dusk you can intercept. The fish fed all night in the study.
I put this into practice and had, by far, my best year last year for bigger fish including a PB for my home lake.
The one thing I noticed, the type of lures didn't seem to matter. The biggest was on a jig but slow rolling spinnerbaits was a close second.
Good thread!
Re: foodshelf
We have to talk about forage if we want to talk about feeding depths (shallows). In any lake, you have all different kinds of (fishy) forage.
Shore minnows, small fish relating to supershallow water(usually).
You have slightly larger demersal baitfish (small bass, bluegills), which also seem to relate to cover most of the time, in what I'd consider shallow water. They are eating the tiny minnows, but they are also trying to not get eaten by the bigger bass.
Then there's shad- of which I have little firsthand experience. But they migrate to the shallows for the night?
Finally, and here's my favorite forage, the trouts. Water temp and light seem to affect them, a lot.
I guess my point is different forage species hang out in different places during different times of the day.
OP, have you studied Bill Murphy's book? SoCal reservoirs are hundreds of feet deep (near the dam at least). Yet, he places the utmost importance on deep water. Not just deep water, but the deepest in the area. Breaklines are structures. As noted above, the path from the deepest water to the feeding grounds (may or may not be the "shallows", and the two might be very close) is important.
One thing I have not heard mentioned in these discussions is the thermocline and the importance it has in the elimination of unproductive, or less productive water.
Good points all. One quick clarification or reminder on John Hope's book and tracking. He found and labeled three different types of bass;
shallow fish - which never went deep or suspended,
mid-layer fish - which suspended when inactive and moved to breaklines and depth contours when active;
and deep fish that never went shallow (except to spawn).
His book focused almost solely on the behavior of these mid-layer fish, which he felt was the more overlooked or misunderstood population of bass.
deep: what is your reasoning for classifying rock as structure? Do you have any delineation based on size of rock? Just curious. I've never considered rock as structure - I always group it as cover, though I did once find an article that Buck referred to it as "structure-like" when in the form of a rock reef on a natural lake.
aavery2: thermoclines are breaklines. In some lakes (2-story lakes) there is enough oxygen below them to support a whole other group of fish (like lake trout, cisco, etc.), but in many of the waters from the Midwest south, the thermocline and the oxycline tend to be one and the same. In those cases, your point is an important one, as you simply won't have fish living for any length of time below a thermocline where oxygen isn't present in sufficient amounts to support life. In those cases, the thermocline becomes the limiting "deep water" barrier, and many fish will stack up on this breakline as the deepest water they can attain. In those cases, you can simply eliminate anything deeper water wise, though you have to be very careful and studious in examining your water for this phenomenon. Something as simple as a low water relief outlet at the dam can often create enough current or movement of water to disrupt a traditional thermocline. Things can get weird quick on some waters.
Since it was mentioned by the OP, and I having access to most all of Buck's material, I'll post another reservoir piece concerning highland lakes (and smallmouth) as a matter of discussion. It also ties in nicely with several of the points already mentioned. Again, I tried to load the full document first, as well as all the "parts" separately but in a single post, and in both cases the forum restrictions didn't allow this. As such, this will be 4 parts in 4 posts to accomplish.
- Sorry for this -
-T9
Here's the first part.
Highland_Reservoirs_1.pdf
Part II -
Highland_Reservoirs_2.pdf
Part 3 -
Highland_Reservoirs_3.pdf
Last page -
Highland_Reservoirs_4.pdf
On 1/15/2015 at 12:42 AM, Team9nine said:
deep: what is your reasoning for classifying rock as structure? Do you have any delineation based on size of rock? Just curious. I've never considered rock as structure - I always group it as cover, though I did once find an article that Buck referred to it as "structure-like" when in the form of a rock reef on a natural lake.
Because Tom (WRB) told me to? I think that's a good answer.
The practical reason is I frequently see laydowns, even big ones, being displaced by flood water. The laydown in the pic below is over 30 ft long (you can only see part of it in the photo). We got a little rain, water level rose, and it's not there any more. I can't find it.
Rocks, of any significant size, seem to hold their places all right.
I do agree when I'm fishing, I tend to think of isolated individual boulders like a clump of brush.
When you string a bunch of rocks together of course, it becomes a significant structure, and must be treated similar to any other hard breakline.
Regarding the mid-layer fish, Tom posted this elsewhere. I hope you find this interesting.
*****
*****
On 1/15/2015 at 12:42 AM, Team9nine said:Good points all. One quick clarification or reminder on John Hope's book and tracking. He found and labeled three different types of bass;
shallow fish - which never went deep or suspended,
mid-layer fish - which suspended when inactive and moved to breaklines and depth contours when active;
and deep fish that never went shallow (except to spawn).
His book focused almost solely on the behavior of these mid-layer fish, which he felt was the more overlooked or misunderstood population of bass.
deep: what is your reasoning for classifying rock as structure? Do you have any delineation based on size of rock? Just curious. I've never considered rock as structure - I always group it as cover, though I did once find an article that Buck referred to it as "structure-like" when in the form of a rock reef on a natural lake.
aavery2: thermoclines are breaklines. In some lakes (2-story lakes) there is enough oxygen below them to support a whole other group of fish (like lake trout, cisco, etc.), but in many of the waters from the Midwest south, the thermocline and the oxycline tend to be one and the same. In those cases, your point is an important one, as you simply won't have fish living for any length of time below a thermocline where oxygen isn't present in sufficient amounts to support life. In those cases, the thermocline becomes the limiting "deep water" barrier, and many fish will stack up on this breakline as the deepest water they can attain. In those cases, you can simply eliminate anything deeper water wise, though you have to be very careful and studious in examining your water for this phenomenon. Something as simple as a low water relief outlet at the dam can often create enough current or movement of water to disrupt a traditional thermocline. Things can get weird quick on some waters.
Since it was mentioned by the OP, and I having access to most all of Buck's material, I'll post another reservoir piece concerning highland lakes (and smallmouth) as a matter of discussion. It also ties in nicely with several of the points already mentioned. Again, I tried to load the full document first, as well as all the "parts" separately but in a single post, and in both cases the forum restrictions didn't allow this. As such, this will be 4 parts in 4 posts to accomplish.
- Sorry for this -
-T9
Here's the first part.
Highland_Reservoirs_1.pdf
It's pretty cool that you have access to these articles. A few years ago, I purchased the Buck Perry 9 book guideline materials and they have been extremely useful. Some of the information is outdated, but the structural analysis is still worth its weight in gold (or I should say bass). I study the guides every winter when we hit the deep freeze, as well as referring to them now and then during the rest of the year to make comparisons to lake maps I am studying.
This is a bit off topic, but something I feel that needs to be pointed out is location of fish on structure. The majority of these discussions seem to focus on different types, or location of it in different types of lakes.
One thing that Murphy, Perry and Hope all point out is the movement of bass from deeper water to the shallows or feeding grounds and the importance of structure to those movements. Mr. Perry referred to those movements as migration routes although the term more accurately is a description is seasonal movements. Dining room to living room, or however you care to describe that movement, keep in mind that the bass' objective is to get to that feeding site.
Their location, along with their activity level, at any given time could be anywhere along that route or path. As anglers, we use the information about structure to give us a place to start our search because we know the fish will use it in their movements.
The key, I believe, is knowing that the stops the bass make along the way will be the areas of concentrations of fish and the closer to the 'dining room' the more active those groups will be. A typical milk run for me will start at the feeding shelf or area where I target active fish, then work my way down the structure or 'funnel' stopping at the breaks along the way until I contact fish.
@Team9nine. Thanks for the articles.
@ deep. Bill Murphy's book is a great read. But the majority of my lakes have access to 100+ feet of water in multiple regions of the lake. I have drop shotted with success out to 70' and do not have a desire to go any further. It's just too much risk to the fish even when taking precautions. I also agree that when talking structure fishing you must consider forage.
My next question would be how are feeding grounds located and what defines them? Does consistent forage in a given area constitute a feeding area? For instance, a main lake point extends out then drops into the deepest water in the area. (Fig 2 on Team9nine’s other Buck Perry article in the other thread) 9 times out of 10 I would start searching/fishing at that drop on the end. Then begin working towards either corner depending on which offered the better breakline. My instinct says the “feeding grounds” would be on top of the point. Fish would then tend to follow a logical path from the deep sanctuary to the feeding ground following either the bar’s breakline (depth) or breaks (stumps, rock piles, etc) along the way?
Of course as Catt mentioned the fish could be suspended over the deep water area. How would this change effect migration towards feeding grounds?
On 1/15/2015 at 4:11 PM, reelnmn said:
@ deep. Bill Murphy's book is a great read. But the majority of my lakes have access to 100+ feet of water in multiple regions of the lake. I have drop shotted with success out to 70' and do not have a desire to go any further. It's just too much risk to the fish even when taking precautions. I also agree that when talking structure fishing you must consider forage.
I didn't tell you to fish on the bottom in 100 FOW. I said that the deepest water in the area is the important deal when looking at shallower structures. Personally, I don't fish much deeper than 30FOW (on the bottom) for the same reasons- and also because I've had only little success when I tried it.
Also, Tom says you might want to divide up your reservoir into thirds, and then look at an individual section, depending on the season. I'd pick one region of the lake, the number of regions depending on how big your lake is, locate the deepest channels/ depressions, identify the structures associated with them, and fish the latter ones.
What! Tom can't post for himself!
I'm sure he would have put it more eloquently than I did. I believe he just retired last month and is out fishing, unlike the rest of us. Prime pre-spawn time in SoCal.
On 1/15/2015 at 4:11 PM, reelnmn said:
My next question would be how are feeding grounds located and what defines them? Does consistent forage in a given area constitute a feeding area? For instance, a main lake point extends out then drops into the deepest water in the area. (Fig 2 on Team9nine’s other Buck Perry article in the other thread) 9 times out of 10 I would start searching/fishing at that drop on the end. Then begin working towards either corner depending on which offered the better breakline. My instinct says the “feeding grounds” would be on top of the point. Fish would then tend to follow a logical path from the deep sanctuary to the feeding ground following either the bar’s breakline (depth) or breaks (stumps, rock piles, etc) along the way?
Of course as Catt mentioned the fish could be suspended over the deep water area. How would this change effect migration towards feeding grounds?
Perhaps the million dollar question. This is the beauty of Perry's system, because it doesn't really matter how or why as relates to putting a fish in the boat. To a fish that might live in 20' of water or less year round, his feeding ground is going to be a totally different place (looks, location, etc) than the feeding ground of those fish you are catching (or can catch) in 70' of water. They're not coming up 60' to feed on some nice lush flat. Throw in your suspended fish and where they move to and how far, and things get complicated quick. The simplest answer is that it doesn't matter if you are using structure as your guide, and then fish in a systematic way around that structure (break, breaklines, deep water, etc.), at least until you determine some things out for that particular waterbody, or even that particular structure. Then you can "skip" some stuff, if you choose. This is also the reason for the "guideline" to always start fishing shallow and then keep working deeper, as deep as you need to go, until you contact fish. Where you start getting bit is part of that particular fishes feeding ground, regardless of depth or make up.
-T9
So let me see if I understand y'all!
Y'all are perfectly willing to run over any bass not holding in shallow water in order to get to shallow water when the bass may or may not be shallow.
Interesting concept!
I think I'll stick with fishing my way from deep to shallow & not spook anything!
Reelnm
The feeding area depends on the major forage the bass are targeting. In the example you described it would be different for shad than for, say minnows or bluegill. If you consider the forage, the route or structure the bass use can be different as well as where the 'dining room' is located on the point.
Structure fishing, although it may sound difficult, is no harder to understand than considering which docks will be most productive along a shoreline of hundreds. You are basically using a simple, fundamental fact that is the basis of structure fishing. The main difference is structure fishing is more relevant to bass that use deep water as their 'home' or area of rest and travel to an area to feed and less to those that stay in the shallows even when they aren't feeding.
You can choose to accept or dismiss Perry's assumptions about how and where the fish live and move. But the beauty of his system, as far as it's actual implementation is concerned, lies in the methodical manner in which the highest percentage spots are found and fished. Behind all of it's diagrams and scenarios that emphasize interpretation, at it's heart, It's really a technical system that focuses on the how-to.
It can be easy to start over thinking all the data when you're out on the water; Clines, forage, fish suspension, water and weather conditions, etc. All of these things factor in to the whole to be sure. But if you start by just focusing on identifying the prime structures, and finding and fishing all of the breaks on them between shallow and deep, and do it in a systematic way, you'll be way ahead of the game. All the other stuff is fine tuning which you should only expect to dial-in over repeated visits to the location or with time on the water in general.
On 1/16/2015 at 5:44 AM, Catt said:So let me see if I understand y'all!
Y'all are perfectly willing to run over any bass not holding in shallow water in order to get to shallow water when the bass may or may not be shallow.
Interesting concept!
I think I'll stick with fishing my way from deep to shallow & not spook anything!
Yes, if you work from shallow to deep, but not if you work deep to shallow. If, like me, you begin your search shallow and work your way deep you may or may not run over the top of fish that are holding deep. Two things I keep in mind. First is that I don't approach the destination of the fish using the same route from deep to shallow that they would (or I think they would). Second I'm looking for active fish first. If I'm lucky enough to find them shallow and active, there is no need for me to continue my search. It's over. If not, I continue my way deeper along the structure until I contact fish. At that point I would stop as my search has ended. The only reason for me to move once I've located fish willing to take my offering, is if the fish move. When they do, I know that their next stop will either be a spot just shallow of where I am, or deeper along the structure (which is normally what happens).
Starting deep and working shallow also works, but in doing so you may be missing out on actively feeding fish even though you are catching less active fish.
Either way you are using the structure as the basis of your search.
On 1/16/2015 at 12:11 PM, papajoe222 said:Yes, if you work from shallow to deep, but not if you work deep to shallow. If, like me, you begin your search shallow and work your way deep you may or may not run over the top of fish that are holding deep. Two things I keep in mind. First is that I don't approach the destination of the fish using the same route from deep to shallow that they would (or I think they would). Second I'm looking for active fish first. If I'm lucky enough to find them shallow and active, there is no need for me to continue my search. It's over. If not, I continue my way deeper along the structure until I contact fish. At that point I would stop as my search has ended. The only reason for me to move once I've located fish willing to take my offering, is if the fish move. When they do, I know that their next stop will either be a spot just shallow of where I am, or deeper along the structure (which is normally what happens).
Starting deep and working shallow also works, but in doing so you may be missing out on actively feeding fish even though you are catching less active fish.
Either way you are using the structure as the basis of your search.
So deep water fish are inactive & don't feed?
If they have forage available, of course they aren't and yes they do. What I'm refering to and the way I use the system, is in search of fish that travel from deep to shallow in their search to feed.
If you don't locate fish actively feeding in deep water, do you stay there or move? If you do move, don't you have a system that you follow or do you just randomly move around in your search? I've seen pics of some of your fish and I seriously doubt that.
There are 24 hours in a day; of those how many do you think bass are actively feeding?
When do bass become active feeders?
Is it when they arrive at the feeding area or is it when they decide to start their movement towards the feeding area?
Just because bass are shallow is that proof they are actively feeding?
I think we believe we are fishing for "active" fish far more than they actually are!
There are three areas where we can target bass, their home, their feeding/spawning area, or the breaks/breaklines connecting the two.
I target all three
No, just because fish are shallow does not mean they are actively feeding. "There are three areas where we can target bass, their home, their feeding/spawning area, or the breaks/break lines connecting the two." Spoken like a true student and practitioner of structure fishing.
Our reasoning is the same, you and I just go about putting it to use In the opposite direction. You could say that I'm literally 'bassackwards'.
Which would be a better approach?
Idle the boat straight up into shallow water & search just the shallows for "active" fish?
Or should we fish our way into the shallows?
I choose the later; now I've targeted their home, breaks/breaklines, & feeding areas.
FYI: Not only have I studied everything Buck taught I spent eight hours a day for five days in a classroom with Mr. Perry himself as teacher. Before class I talked structure, during lunch I talked structure, and during breaks I talked structure. By the end of the seminar Mr. Perry was probably glad to get rid of this Cajun.
I don't view it as a case of which is the "better" approach, as each has their merits. If I'm not very familiar with a piece of structure, I'll always tend to start shallow first. On structures I know very well, and also know exactly which paths and breaks the fish tend to use from experience, I'll frequently start deeper, right on those key areas (spots on a spot) as you suggest. To that end, and papajoes point, if I know the structure that well, I'm not going to drive right over any key deep/transition areas to get to the shallows. I'm coming in from the flat side or along the shoreline. But I would personally never limit myself to doing it just one way or the other (deep > shallow; shallow > deep) every single time out, regardless. I really think it depends on how familiar with a lake and/or structure you are, as well as the prevailing weather and water conditions. Whatever works for you on your waters...
-T9
On 1/16/2015 at 11:58 PM, Team9nine said:I don't view it as a case of which is the "better" approach, as each has their merits. If I'm not very familiar with a piece of structure, I'll always tend to start shallow first. On structures I know very well, and also know exactly which paths and breaks the fish tend to use from experience, I'll frequently start deeper, right on those key areas (spots on a spot) as you suggest. To that end, and papajoes point, if I know the structure that well, I'm not going to drive right over any key deep/transition areas to get to the shallows. I'm coming in from the flat side or along the shoreline. But I would personally never limit myself to doing it just one way or the other (deep > shallow; shallow > deep) every single time out, regardless. I really think it depends on how familiar with a lake and/or structure you are, as well as the prevailing weather and water conditions. Whatever works for you on your waters...
-T9
X2
Another great option. Fishing from a shallow draft craft (canoe) I do this a good majority of the time; especially at night. Local waters are deep & clear and most have very little in the way of shoreline cover to hold fish. The first & second break lines hold a good majority of the fish, early & late in the season.
When fishing on or near the bottom is the deal, fishing "Up the breaks" allows for good coverage of these spots with less possibility of alarming the fish of my presence. And if & when a particular break or depth is identified to be where the best bass are striking the bait, a parallel presentation can be employed which will help keep a bait in the right place longer.
This has proven to be an excellent presentation approach for jerk baits and even some topwater action in this clear water as well. We'll see how it works with big swim baits this season.
A-Jay
I think I can add something!!!!
Fish don't always have to be feeding to catch them. A bite and a strike are different things. (Just read that one)
I was wondering if someone was going to bring up Up vs. Down... That alone is going to pretty much require one approach or the other.
For me personally, determining factors like, how well I know the structure, whether I want to fish Up or Down, water clarity, wind, etc. are going to play a big role in how I approach it.
I might come at it from the main basin, pulling a jig or something off the breaklines to let them drop. I might creep in the shallow right next to the shore from the side and cast out to swim something up to bump those lips or ledges. I might troll right over the top of a breakline, either parallel or perpendicular to it. I might even be cruising along dropping markers to sort out where I'm going to focus once I'm done mapping.
The fact that I fish out of a kayak most of the time also skews my approach because I have a serious stealth advantage (IMO). I might approach the same spot differently from a full size boat. Still, the point I'm making is that one size does not fit all.
This might confuse the newbie to structure fishing though, who is just trying to grasp and iron out a systematic approach to figuring it out and is again being given too many options without the experience to judge which situation calls for what. Someone new to the game might be better served by worrying less about whether starting in the shallows or in deep water is "right" and just focusing on making sure that they're fishing this piece of structure in a methodical manner that allows them to identify and isolate the "spots on the spot."
~Denny
I just follow the fish finder if the are no docks & boats.